Non-criminal disputes that are brought to the court's attention for closure is what we mean by civil litigation.

The civil dispute can be contractual (written, oral, or implied). The dispute might also be based on some other alleged breach of duty such as negligence or intentional wrong doing.

Some professions have standards of care that give rise to duties owed. Some of these professions are Doctors, Lawyers, Contractors, Real Estate Brokers, Notaries, Trustees, and Care Providers.

Unlike the criminal bar, civil litigation lawyers often prosecute or defend civil lawsuits depending on the needs of the client.